Published: 28 Apr 2025
Synergistic Modulation of ER Stress and Insulin Potentiation Therapy for Enhanced Cancer Treatment
Volume 1
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Nosayba Al-Damook
nosayba.aldamook@aau.ac.ae
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Molham Sakkal
mohammad.sakkal@aau.ac.ae
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Sedra Kremesh
sedra.kremish@gmail.com
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Walaa K. Mousa
walaa.mousa@aau.ac.ae
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Mostafa Khair
mrk6@nyu.edu
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Ghalia Khoder
gkhoder@sharjah.ac.ae
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Rose Ghemrawi
rose.ghemrawi@aau.ac.ae
Cancer cells sustain rapid growth by reprogramming their metabolism to depend heavily on glycolysis, enhanced insulin signaling, and adaptive changes in the unfolded protein response (UPR). Insulin Potentiation Therapy (IPT) enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by increasing insulin receptor expression, thereby improving the uptake of chemotherapeutic agents. Meanwhile, targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress disrupts the protein-folding machinery within cancer cells, steering them toward apoptosis. However, IPT faces several limitations, including..