Published: 12 May 2026
A Comparative Evaluation of Imputation Techniques for Missing Data: A Simulation-Based Analysis
Volume 3
Missing data are a common occurrence in research and, if not appropriately addressed prior to analysis, may compromise the validity of study findings. This article evaluates the effectiveness of various imputation techniques as formal approaches for handling missing covariate data. Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) was computed for each imputation method under Missing Completely at Random (MCAR) and Missing at Random (MAR) mechanisms to identify the technique that yielded the..