Available Online: 11 Dec 2025
Volume 2
Hayder Abdul-Amir Makki Al-Hindy
phar.hayder.abdul@uobabylon.edu.iq
Published: 03 Oct 2025
Volume 2
Anand Bhaskar
anandbhaskar0409@gmail.com
Yundong Zhou
researchms108@gmail.com
Sujit Nair
sujit108@gmail.com
Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with varying incidence and mortality rates across the globe. According to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry [1] and the American Cancer Society (ACS) [2], more than 2 million new cancer cases are expected in the US by 2025. Understanding the burden of disease and advancements in tailored treatments, also known as precision or personalized medicine, is crucial for improving patient..
Published: 24 Jun 2025
Volume 2
Mohamed Hussein
dr.m.hussin@dmcg.edu
Bladder cancer remains a major global health challenge due to its high incidence, recurrence rates, and reliance on invasive diagnostic procedures. While conventional methods, such as cystoscopy and urine cytology, are considered standard, they often demonstrate limited sensitivity, particularly in detecting early-stage disease. Epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation, are now recognized as critical in bladder cancer development and progression. Non-invasive urine-based DNA methylation assays have emerged as promising diagnostic and..
Published: 23 Jun 2025
Volume 2
Huma Arshad Cheema
pedgilahore@gmail.com
Aliaksandr Skrahin
aliaksandr.skrahin@rcv-biotech.com
Anjum Saeed
dranjumsaeed@chich.edu.pk
Zafar Fayyaz
zafarfayyaz225@gmail.com
Muhammad Arshad Alvi
alviarsh@gmail.com
Muhammad Nadeem Anjum
nadeemanjum1900@yahoo.com
Nadia Waheed
drnadiasalman@gmail.com
Khalil Ur Rehman
khalil@twchp.com
Ahmad Malik
ahmad.malik@rcv-biotech.com
Volha Skrahina
volha.skrahina@rcv-biotech.com
Arndt Rolfs
arndt.rolfs@rcv-biotech.com
Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare group of genetic disorders that typically presents in infants and children, often progressing to end-stage liver disease. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) for diagnosis to assess phenotypic features and outcomes in Pakistani children with different types of PFIC. The study included 116 pediatric participants with five PFIC types: PFIC1, ATP8B1 gene (n = 19); PFIC2, ABCB11 (n = 28); PFIC3, ABCB4..
Published: 21 Apr 2025
Volume 2
Tammanna Ravee Sahrawat
tammanna@pu.ac.in
Background: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in various aspects of cancer and other diseases. While reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as key signal molecules in physiological processes for the normal functioning of the female reproductive system, they have also been implicated in pathological processes such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some studies have reported a significantly higher risk of endometrial cancer in women with PCOS. However, the association of..
Published: 28 Feb 2025
Volume 2
Gerson D. KEPPEKE
gerson.keppeke@ucn.cl
This manuscript examines advancements in antigen-specific immunosuppression, as well as the potential and challenges of applying gene-editing technologies to autoimmune diseases driven by autoantibodies (AAbs). Current approved treatments fail to reach long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), which may continue secreting pathogenic AAbs after immunobiological courses in some autoimmune illnesses. New approaches, some tested in vitro and some already undergoing clinical trials, such as the chimeric autoantibody receptor (CAAR)-T cells, BiTEs, affinity..
Published: 15 Jan 2025
Volume 2
Osama A. Badary
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into pharmacovigilance (PV) marks a transformative step towards enhancing drug safety and patient outcomes. With their unparalleled ability to analyze vast and complex datasets, AI/ML technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring, signal detection, and causality assessment. This editorial explores the state-of-the-art applications, key challenges, and actionable strategies to unlock the full potential of AI in..
Published: 29 Nov 2024
Volume 1
Waqas S. Abdulwahhab
wqs_saad@yahoo.com
Maitha Abdulla Aljuwaied
Moza Kamil Bin Kamil Alshamsi
Mays Alrim Mustafa Al Moukdad
Sham Zain AlAbdin
Ahmed Elbarkouky
Omar El Khatib
Salahdein Aburuz
Background: Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK) formerly known as bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma, is a rare autosomal dominant inheritance condition with a prevalence ranging from 1:200,000 to 1:300,000. The underlying etiology of which is a mutation in the genes responsible for keratin proteins synthesis, primarily in KRT1 and KRT10 genes, cataloged under OMIM number 113800. The clinicopathological presentations include blistering during the neonatal period, followed by ichthyotic hyperkeratosis in childhood and adolescence. This..
Published: 05 Nov 2024
Volume 1
Somayeh Parichehreh-Dizaji
parichehreh1365@gmail.com
Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini
kianhoseini@tums.ac.ir
Sepideh Borhan Dayani
Atikehborhan@gmail.com
Hossein Maghsoudi
drhmaghsoudi@pnu.ac.ir
Farzaneh Esmaily
farzaneh.esmaily1997@gmail.com
Mahsa M. Amoli
amolimm@tums.ac.ir
Background Atherosclerotic lesions are formed as a result of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) accumulation, which is produced by oxidizing enzymes and oxidized phospholipids (OxPL). Phospholipid oxide causes inflammation-inducing activation genes and hyper-inflammation in addition to the initiation of inflammation and expression of Th1 cytokines. Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is one of the most significant stimulants of inflammation and immune responses, among the Th1cytokines. Therefore, it may play a significant role in contributing..
Published: 17 Oct 2024
Volume 1
Saeedeh Asgarbeik
saeedeh.asgarbeik@yahoo.com
Elina Smiley
Elika Esmaeilzadeh Gharehdaghi
elika.esmaeilzadeh@gmail.com
Somayeh Parichehreh-Dizaji
parichehreh1365@gmail.com
Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini
kianhoseini@tums.ac.ir
Farzaneh Esmaily
farzaneh.esmaily1997@gmail.com
Mahsa M. Amoli
amolimm@tums.ac.ir
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is among the significant causes of death globally, caused by fatty deposits in blood vessel walls. Increasing evidence indicates that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pivotal to atherosclerosis progression. The function of CD36 as a glycoprotein in atherosclerosis was also suggested. This study aimed to investigate the levels of TLR4, TLR6, and TLR7, as well as CD36 cell surface markers in CAD. Methods: This study included..
Published: 10 Sep 2024
Volume 1
Vikash Chandra Mishra
vikashbiotech01@gmail.com
Dinesh Chandra
dineshchandrapathak.345@gmail.com
Anoushka Raina
araina21@gmail.com
Ritu Sharma
rit.sharma97@gmail.com
Vimarsh Raina
rainavimarsh@gmail.com
Introduction: Numerous studies have concentrated on specific populations to explore the extensive polymorphism of class I and II HLA genes. This genetic diversity is crucial for various applications, such as advancing transplantation immunology, understanding genetic population patterns, and uncovering the pathways of different diseases. Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine and analyse the frequencies of class I (HLA-A, HLA-B and, HLA-C), and class II (HLA-DRB1, and..
Published: 29 Aug 2024
Volume 1
Forough Taheri
brightness_ta@yahoo.com
Nekoo Panahi
npanahi@sina.tums.ac.ir
Mahsa M. Amoli
amolimm@tums.ac.ir
Amirhossein Sangi Nasab Lahijan
Akram Goharifar
In Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) approaches, incidental findings (IFs) or more precisely secondary findings (SFs) have indicated controversial reports. To address SFs issues, well-known guidelines have been released such as the versions of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG); however, when, to whom, why, and how these SFs should be reported are the key questions that need to be addressed ethically. The..
Published: 23 Aug 2024
Volume 1
Intissar Al-Salami
intssarsalami@yahoo.com
Qasim Jawad Al-Daami
phar.qassim.jwad@uobabylon.edu.iq
Hala Saad Bash
hala.saad@uobabylon.edu.iq
Aliaa Salman Mahdy
alhindyhayder@gmail.com
Hayder Abdul-Amir Makki Al-Hindy
phar.hayder.abdul@uobabylon.edu.iq
This review was intended to attempt to establish the complex association between the endocrine system of the host and the gut microbiota. Microbial endocrinology is a relatively new field of study, which examines how microbes regulate hormonal; and affect metabolisms, immune system, and behavior responses. This is because the gut microbiome can be viewed as a virtual endocrine organ as it is involved in the synthesis of neuroactive substances as..
Published: 09 Jan 2025
Volume 2
Farnaz Banakar
Raheleh Kheirbakhsh
Elnaz Mahrampour
Azadeh Ebrahim-Habibi
aehabibi@sina.tums.ac.ir,azadehabibi@yahoo.fr
Background: Caffeine is a widely consumed psychostimulant with various effects, including weight and metabolic parameters. Caffeine consumption has been associated with increased blood glucose levels and reduced insulin sensitivity. Since xanthine derivatives like caffeine can activate alpha-amylase, an enzyme essential for carbohydrate-to-glucose conversion, this study investigates whether this translates to increased amylase activity in living organisms and explores potential gene expression changes. Methods: Male NMRI mice were divided to 5..
Published: 12 Dec 2024
Volume 2
Rina Kansal
rinakansal@msn.com
Accurate determination of prognostic risk is critical for patients and treating clinicians. The French-American-British classification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) described refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) in transformation (RAEB-T), including two subsets with <20% bone marrow (BM) blasts, which were reclassified as RAEB-2, the highest-risk MDS category in the 2001 World Health Organization classification. Those diagnostic criteria have been retained until now with nomenclature changes from RAEB-2 to “MDS with..
Published: 30 Nov 2024
Volume 1
Hanieh Yaghootkar
HYaghootkar@lincoln.ac.uk
Published: 23 Sep 2024
Volume 1
Min Ding
Junfeng Shi
jfshi@wfmc.edu.cn
Yan Sun
fysunyan@sdsmu.edu.cn
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a malignant eye cancer that has a high mortality rate and is notoriously difficult to diagnose clinically. Identifying prognostic biomarkers and evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment for UM in order to improve diagnosis, treatment decisions and even overall survival for patients. The study involved a comprehensive analysis of transcriptome profiling from the TCGA-UVM project, with the aim of identifying biomarkers and exploring the relationship between the..